Nutritional Content, Antimicrobial Study and Isolation of Quercetin from Ziziphus spina-Christi Leaf

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1Khan I. Z., 2Yakubu J.*, 3Mamza U.T., 4Khan, I.S., 5Shah, M., 6Arshad, M., 7Markus, I., and 8Moses, B.

Original Article

Bulletin of Pure and Applied Sciences.

Chemistry , Vol.42 C, No.2

July-December  2023: P.57-69

 

Description

Description

1Khan I. Z., 2Yakubu J.*, 3Mamza U.T., 4Khan, I.S., 5Shah, M., 6Arshad, M., 7Markus, I., and 8Moses, B.

Author Affiliations

1,2,3,7,8Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

4Suny Downstate Health Sciences University, Department of Pediatrics Children’s Hospital New

York, USA.

5Parsons 10625 Rd, Johns Creek, GA 30097 Atlanta, USA.

6Study Hall, Vipul Khand, Gomti, Nagar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226010, India

 

*Corresponding Author

Yakubu J, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

E-mail: jamesyakubu96@gmail.com

 

Received on 21.05.2023, Revised on 24.06.2023, Approved on 07.07.2023, Accepted on 18.07.2023, Published on 23.12.2023

Abstract
Plant has been the major source of medicinal globally. This study aimed at determining the nutritional composition, antimicrobial activity and isolation of phytochemical from the leaf of Ziziphus spina-Christi. Proximate composition, elemental (Ca, Na, Mg, K, P, Cu, Cd, Fe, Ni, Zn) concentrations, phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity were carried out using standard protocols. Column chromatographic elution process was used to fractionate the methanol extract and Preparative TLC was used to isolate a compound. The result of the proximate composition and elemental concentration levels showed that the leaf is nutritious. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The methanol extract inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphyloccocus aureus and Bacillus subtilis significantly at extract concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500mg/mL was used, thus having antimicrobial activity. The compound isolated has 114-116oC melting point (uncorrected) with a single banding pattern confirmed by TLC study. Physical and chemical tests of isolated compound were conducted. By using IR,1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra of the isolated compound was confirmed as Quercetin – a flavonoid.   Keywords: Ziziphus spina-Christi; Phytochemical; Quercetin; Antimicrobial; Elements